\input{gl2.slide-header-beamer}%
\usepackage{multimedia,acro}
\errorcontextlines=99
\title{Free Software}
\date{5, 6 December 2005}
\author[Nick Urbanik]{Nick Urbanik \texttt{<nicku@nicku.org>}\\
{\scriptsize This document Licensed under GPL---see section~\ref{sec:license}}}%
\subtitle{Free as in Freedom\\Linux for Teachers}%
%\mode<article>{\chead{}}%


\begin{document}
\maketitle
\mode<article>{\thispagestyle{empty}}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Outline}
  \mode<presentation>
  {%
    %\footnotesize
    \begin{multicols}{2}
      \tableofcontents
    \end{multicols}
    % You might wish to add the option [pausesections]
  }%
  \mode<article>
  {%
    \tableofcontents
  }%
\end{frame}


\section{Why Free Software?}
\label{sec:why-free-software}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Why Free Software?}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item Okay, I go along with:
    \begin{itemize}[<+->]
    \item saving the whales
    \item feeding the hungry
    \item combatting the ignorance about the evil treatment of
      aboriginal people
    \item caring about slaughter of innocent people in Sudan and Iraq
    \item But \red{Free Software?}
    \item Is it worth getting all \alert{righteous} about free software?
  \end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Yes it is!}
  \noindent%
  \begin{minipage}[t]{0.5\linewidth}
    \vspace*{0pt}\par%
    \noindent%
    \movie[externalviewer]{\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{saintignucius}}%
    {free-software-song.au}
  \end{minipage}%
  \begin{minipage}[t]{0.5\linewidth}
    \begin{itemize}
    \item Bless your computer, my child!
      \pause%
    \item To join the Church of Emacs,
    \item you need only say the Confession of the Faith three times:
      \pause%
    \item \emph{There is no system but GNU, and Linux is one of its
        kernels.}
    \item And Bless you too, Saint IGNUtius.
    \end{itemize}
  \end{minipage}
\end{frame}


\section{Richard Stallman's Tin Foil Hat}
\label{sec:rms-foil-hat}


\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Richard Stallman's Tin Foil Hat}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item 18 November 2005: Richard Stallman and Bruce Perens were
    invited by UN as keynote speakers at the \emph{UN World Summit on
      the information society} in Tunis, Tunisia
  \item Richard is opposed to RF ID, because of the many privacy
    violations possible
    \begin{itemize}
    \item A promise was given at the 2003 WSIS in Geneva to not issue
      RFIDs again
    \item He was given one on entry
    \end{itemize}
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}


\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Richard Stallman causes Trouble}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item He wrapped \alert{huge amounts} of aluminium foil around it,
    wearing it very prominently
  \item Richard offered foil to anyone who would take some
  \item He willingly unwrapped it to go through any of the visible
    check-points, he simply objected to the potential that people
    might be reading the RF ID without his knowledge and tracking him
    around the grounds.
  \item UN security would not let him leave for a long time
  \item Then would not let him in for his next talk, delaying the
    whole proceeding by a long time.
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\section{Sony's Rootkit}
\label{sec:sonys-rootkit}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Sony's Rootkit}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item A \emph{rootkit} is a set of software tools frequently used by
    crackers after gaining access to a computer system.
  \item These tools are intended to conceal running processes, files
    or system data
  \item which helps an intruder maintain access to a system without
    the user's knowledge.
  \item Sony Corporation have been distributing rootkits on their
    music CDs over the last year and a half
  \item The software is installed on your computer without your
    permission
    \begin{itemize}
    \item even if you decline the EULA
    \end{itemize}
  \item Why?  To protect the music industry from piracy.
  \item Sony have ripped off lots of free software to make the root
    kit without regard for the license terms, including code written
    by DVD Jon.
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Poor Celine Lovers!}
  \noindent%
  \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{foxtrot-11-21-05}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item Foxtrot, 21 November 2005
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\section{DVD Jon}
\label{sec:dvd-jon}


\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{DVD Jon}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item The autumn of 1999 Jon Lech Johansen (``DVD Jon'') with others
    decrypted the copy control system on DVD records to make it
    possible to view the DVDs at the Linux operating system.
  \item The program that made this possible was called ``DeCSS'' and
    released on the Internet.
  \item This resulted in him being sued by DVD Copy Control
    Association in USA,
  \item arrested by Norwegian police and
  \item charged by The Norwegian National Authority for Investigation
    and Prosecution of Economic and Environmental Crime (ØKOKRIM).
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\section{Digital Milenimum Copyright Act (DMCA)}
\label{sec:dmca}


\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Digital Milenimum Copyright Act (DMCA)}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item This is an effort to use the law to control the copying of files
  \item Involves making it illegal to write software to circumvent a
    copy protection system
  \item Markers should be outlawed
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\section{Software Patents}
\label{sec:patents}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Software Patents}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item Companies pay to collect software patents
  \item Use these as a nuclear arsenal to drop on competitors
  \item These can be a terrible threat to free software\ldots
  \item \ldots{}as well as to non-multi-national software developers
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\section{So Why do we need Free Software?}
\label{sec:why-free}


\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{So Why do we need Free Software?}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item The world is moving to a situation where our ability to back
    up and use data content is controlled by law
  \item If all the operating system software we use is provided by big
    multinationals, then the control will be easily implemented
  \item Free software is controlled by its users, and cannot be
    controlled by any corporation, multinational or otherwise
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\section{What is Free Software?}
\label{sec:what-is-free-software}


\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{What is Free Software?}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item Defined by Richard Stallman
    \begin{itemize}
    \item Author of GPL (General Public License)
    \item Author of Emacs editor, \GNU compiler suite
    \item Founder of the Free Software Foundation
    \end{itemize}
  \item Sometimes viewed (\emphcolour{incorrectly}) as the same thing
  as Open Source.
\item Sometimes viewed (\emphcolour{Very incorrectly!}) as the same
  thing as Freeware or shareware!!
  \item The GPL defines four freedoms.
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\section{The Four Freedoms}
\label{sec:four-freedoms}


\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{GPL: the Four Freedoms}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item The freedom to run the program, for any purpose
    ({\green{}freedom 0}).
  \item The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to
    your needs ({\green{}freedom 1}). Access to the source code is a
    precondition for this.
  \item The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your
    neighbor ({\green{}freedom 2}).
  \item The freedom to improve the program, and release your
    improvements to the public, so that the whole community benefits.
    ({\green{}freedom 3}). Access to the source code is a precondition
    for this.
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}


\section{Is the GPL viral?}
\label{sec:is-gpl-viral}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Why does Microsoft call the GPL "Viral"?}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item Microsoft hate the GPL with passion
  \item Have called the license ``viral'', even in their legal
    documents!
  \item Why do they do this?
  \item They say that if anyone uses some GPL code in their product,
    then they are required to distribute all the source code to their
    product
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\subsection{GPL and Proprietary Licenses}
\label{sec:gpl-v-proprietary}


\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{GPL and Proprietary Licenses}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item However, if you
    \begin{itemize}
    \item view source code Microsoft released under their ``shared
      source'' scheme
    \item write some software that is related in some way
    \end{itemize}
  \item Will the Microsoft Legal Department treat you nicely?
  \item I would not dare view Microsoft source code.
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}


\section{Other Free Software Licenses}
\label{sec:other-free-licenses}


\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Other Free Software Licences}
  \begin{itemize}
  \item These include the BSD license
  \item Allows any company to include the code, modify it, keep it all
    secret.
  \item People may be less motivated to contribute if their work goes to
    Microsoft.
  \item Microsoft like this license.
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

% \begin{frame}
%   \frametitle{}
%   \begin{itemize}
%   \item 
%   \end{itemize}
% \end{frame}

% \begin{frame}
%   \frametitle{}
%   \begin{itemize}
%   \item 
%   \end{itemize}
% \end{frame}

% \begin{frame}
%   \frametitle{}
%   \begin{itemize}
%   \item 
%   \end{itemize}
% \end{frame}

% \begin{frame}
%   \frametitle{}
%   \begin{itemize}
%   \item 
%   \end{itemize}
% \end{frame}

% \begin{frame}
%   \frametitle{}
%   \begin{itemize}
%   \item 
%   \end{itemize}
% \end{frame}

% \begin{frame}
%   \frametitle{}
%   \begin{itemize}
%   \item 
%   \end{itemize}
% \end{frame}

% \begin{frame}
%   \frametitle{}
%   \begin{itemize}
%   \item 
%   \end{itemize}
% \end{frame}

% \begin{frame}
%   \frametitle{}
%   \begin{itemize}
%   \item 
%   \end{itemize}
% \end{frame}

% \begin{frame}
%   \frametitle{}
%   \begin{itemize}
%   \item 
%   \end{itemize}
% \end{frame}

% \begin{frame}
%   \frametitle{}
%   \begin{itemize}
%   \item 
%   \end{itemize}
% \end{frame}

\section{Some Things to Read}
\label{sec:things-to-read}


\begin{frame}[allowframebreaks]
  \mode<presentation>{\frametitle{Resources}}%
  \begin{thebibliography}{5}
    % None of these affects how cite appears, only how the bibitem appears.
    % \beamertemplatebookbibitems makes little pictures of books in bib.
    \beamertemplatebookbibitems
    % \beamertemplatearticlebibitems makes little pictures of text in bib. 
    % \beamertemplatearticlebibitems
    % \beamertemplatetextbibitems uses [1], [2] or [optional] in bib.
    % \beamertemplatetextbibitems
    % \beamertemplatearrowbibitems make little arrows (like ordinary items)
    % \beamertemplatearrowbibitems
  \bibitem{Wil2002}
    Sam Williams.
    \newblock%
    \emph{Free as in Freedom: Richard Stallman's Crusade for Free Software}.
    \newblock%
    O'Reilly 2002.
    \newblock%
    \url{http://oreilly.com/openbook/freedom/}
    \beamertemplatearticlebibitems%
  \bibitem{Per2005}
    Bruce Perens.
    \newblock%
    \emph{Friday, November 18: Richard Stallman Gets in Trouble with
      UN Security for Wearing a Tin-Foil Hat}.
    \newblock%
    \url{http://perens.sourcelabs.com/}
    \newblock%
    \url{http://lwn.net/Articles/160913/}
  \bibitem{jon2005}
    Jon Lech Johansen.
    \newblock%
    \emph{So Sue Me!}%
    \newblock%
    \url{http://nanocrew.net/}
    \newblock%
    \url{http://efn.no/jonjohansen-en.html}
  \bibitem{eff}
    Electronic Frontier Foundation.
    \newblock%
    \emph{Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) Archive}
    \newblock%
    \url{http://www.eff.org/IP/DMCA/}
  \bibitem{GPL2}
    GNU General Public License.
    \newblock%
    \url{http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html}
  \end{thebibliography}
\end{frame}

\mode<presentation>
{%
\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Topics Covered}
  %\footnotesize
  %\begin{multicols}{2}
    \tableofcontents[pausesections,pausesubsections]
  %\end{multicols}
  % You might wish to add the option [pausesections]
\end{frame}
}

\section{License Of This Document}
\label{sec:license}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{License Of This Document}
  \raggedright%
  Copyright \copyright\ 2005  Nick Urbanik <nicku@nicku.org>
  \par
  You can redistribute modified or unmodified copies of this document
  provided that this copyright notice and this permission notice are
  preserved on all copies under the terms of the GNU General Public
  License as published by the Free Software Foundation---either version
  2 of the License or (at your option) any later version.
\end{frame}
\end{document}
